When it comes to woodworking and furniture repair, achieving a flawless finish is key. Whether you’re filling in gaps, hiding imperfections, or repairing damage, the products you choose can significantly impact the outcome of your project. Two of the most common products used for these tasks are wood putty and wood filler. While they might seem similar, they serve different purposes and are best suited for specific applications. In this blog, we’ll explore the differences between wood putty and wood filler and guide you on when to use each one.
Wood Putty vs. Wood Filler
Wood Putty
What is Wood Putty?
Wood putty, also known as plastic wood, is a malleable substance used to fill small holes and imperfections in wood. It typically contains a solvent, such as an oil-based compound, and is designed to remain flexible even after drying. This flexibility allows wood putty to expand and contract with the wood, making it ideal for outdoor use or for projects where the wood may be exposed to varying temperatures and humidity levels.
Pros
- Suitable for use on finished wood.
- Remains pliable.
- Does not shrink or crack.
- Paintable once cured.
- Available in a range of hues to complement various wood tones.
- Offered as putty sticks for convenient application.
Cons
- Chemical components can degrade unpainted wood surfaces.
- Not sandable.
- Not stainable.
- It may take a long time to cure.
When to Use Wood Putty
- Repairing Small Dents and Dings
Wood putty is excellent for filling in minor dents and dings on polished wood furniture. Its pliability allows it to blend seamlessly with the finished surface to better restore the wood’s appearance.
- Fixing Flaws in Expanding and Contracting Wood
Wood putty is ideal for use in environments where wood expands and contracts, such as the outdoors. Its slight flexibility ensures that it can withstand these changes without cracking or shrinking.
- Outdoor Applications
As stated above, because of its flexibility and resistance to shrinking or cracking, wood putty is suitable for outdoor use. While it never becomes as rigid as wood filler, its durability makes it a reliable choice for exterior wood repairs.
- Using Putty Sticks
Putty sticks, a type of wood putty similar to crayons, are perfect for quick fixes. Various manufacturers offer wood putty sticks in different colors, making them ideal for rapidly repairing scratches or minor damage on furniture. These sticks provide a convenient solution for on-the-spot touch-ups.
How to Apply Wood Putty
- Clean the Surface
Begin by thoroughly cleaning the finished wooden surface to remove any dust, dirt, or grease.
- Select the Right Color
Choose a wood putty that closely matches the color of the finished wood for a seamless repair.
- Apply the Putty
Apply the wood putty to the gap, hole, or scratch. Use a putty knife or your finger to press it into the defect, ensuring it fills completely.
- Remove Excess Putty
Wipe away any excess putty with a soft cloth, taking care not to remove the putty from the filled area.
- Allow to Cure
Let the wood putty cure for the recommended amount of time specified by the manufacturer before using or finishing the wood.
Wood Filler
What is Wood Filler?
Wood filler, on the other hand, is typically water-based and made from wood fibers, cellulose, or gypsum. It is designed to fill larger holes and gaps in raw wood. Unlike wood putty, wood filler hardens completely and can be sanded, stained, or painted, making it a great choice for projects that require a smooth, hard finish.
Pros
- Sandable, allowing for smooth finishing.
- Stainable, blending seamlessly with the surrounding wood.
- Hardens as it cures, providing a durable repair.
- Available in both solvent-based and water-based formulations, catering to different preferences.
- Hardens rapidly after application.
- Water-based types can be revived with water if they dry up prematurely.
Cons
- Not suitable for use on polished wood surfaces as it may not adhere properly.
- Not suitable for exterior applications or environments where flexibility is needed for wood expansion and contraction.
- Prone to shrinkage and cracking as it dries, which can affect the durability of the repair.
When to Use Wood Filler
- Repairing Cracks and Holes
Ideal for fixing cracks and holes in unfinished wood surfaces, ensuring a smooth finish before further treatment.
- Filling Nail and Screw Holes
Perfect for filling nail and screw holes in unfinished furniture, making the surface ready for staining or painting.
- Preparing Inside Trim
Used to fill holes in interior trim before painting or staining, creating a flawless surface.
- Refinishing Wood Floors
Useful for filling gaps and gouges in wood floors during refinishing, providing a seamless look.
- Repairing Decaying Wood
Effective for filling cavities in decaying wood.
How to Apply Wood Filler
- Prepare the Surface
Remove any defects in the unfinished wood. If the wood is rotting or rotted, apply a wood hardener and remove any loose materials.
- Mix the Filler
Thoroughly mix the wood filler to ensure the solution is properly integrated and ready for application.
- Apply the Filler
Use a putty knife to apply the wood filler to the gap or hole. Make sure to overfill slightly to compensate for any shrinkage that may occur.
- Allow to Cure
Let the wood filler cure for the recommended amount of time, typically around 30 minutes.
- Sand Smooth
Once cured, sand the wood filler flush with the surrounding wood to achieve a smooth, even surface.
- Finish the Wood
Apply your desired finish to the wood, whether it be stain, paint, or varnish, to complete the repair and enhance the wood’s appearance.
Understanding the differences between wood putty and wood filler is crucial for choosing the right product for your woodworking projects. Use wood putty for small repairs on finished wood, especially for outdoor projects, where flexibility is essential. Opt for wood filler when working on indoor projects, filling larger gaps, and preparing unfinished wood for a smooth, hard finish.
